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Exploring The AWS Free Tier Changes

AWS has announced changes to its Free Tier. In this post, learn what’s changed, what’s included, and what it means for new and returning users.

Table of Contents

Introduction

Out of the blue on 11 July, AWS announced fundamental changes to the AWS free tier:

AWS accounts launched before 15 July retain their current free tier duration, allowances and terms and conditions. New AWS accounts after this date now offer two options – a Paid Plan and a Free Plan.

For those familiar with AWS, the Paid Plan resembles the AWS we know and are used to. This plan is designed for production applications, grants access to all AWS services and features, and provides payment options like pay-as-you-go and savings plans.

2025 07 15 AWSConsoleSignupPaid

The new Paid Plan also includes the existing always-free services, including:

Then there’s the Free Plan:

2025 07 15 AWSConsoleSignupFree

The free plan also includes the always-free services alongside some entirely new aspects, so let’s take a closer look at its main features.

Major Changes

This section examines the main features of the new AWS Free Plan.

Credits

Where previously new users had free tier allowances on several services, they now receive $100 USD in AWS credits at signup.

A further $100 USD credits can be earned by completing activities using foundational AWS services. This includes launching an EC2 instance, creating an AWS Lambda-backed web app and, brilliantly, setting up an AWS Budget cost budget! Incentivising this for new AWS users is long overdue.

Free plan credits expire 12 months after the date of issuance. However, this doesn’t equate to having twelve months of account access…

Account Expiry

With the previous free tier offering, accounts remained open after the free tier period ended. Now there’s an in-built expiry:

Your free plan expires the earlier of (1) 6 months from the date you opened your AWS account, or (2) once you have exhausted your Free Tier credits.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/free-tier-FAQ.html

When a free plan expires, the account will close automatically and access to current resources and data will be lost. AWS retains the data for 90 days after the free plan’s expiry, after which it will be entirely erased.

Retrieval after this point is possible, but requires an upgrade to a paid plan to reopen the account. Note that this isn’t automatic – users must consent to being charged as part of the upgrade process.

The expiration date, credit balance, and remaining days of a free tier account can be monitored through the Cost and Usage widget in the AWS Management Console Home, or programmatically using the AWS SDK and command line at no cost via the GetAccountPlanState API. AWS will also send periodic email alerts regarding credit balances and the end of the free plan period.

Service Restrictions

Where previously a new account could use most AWS offerings immediately, free plan accounts now have some limitations. This is the AWS rationale:

Additionally, free account plans don’t have access to certain AWS services that would rapidly consume the entire AWS Free Tier credit amount, or hardware purchases.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/free-tier.html

There’s roughly a 50/50 eligibility split of the AWS service catalogue, with some interesting choices that I’ll go into…

New User Considerations

This section examines considerations of the AWS free tier changes for beginners with no prior AWS experience.

Usage-Linked Closure Is Good…

The new Free Plan stops one of the tales as old as time, where new AWS users join up, try out all their shiny new toys and then get spiked by a massive bill. Or their access keys are exposed and stolen, creating a massive bill. Or they spin up an EC2 instance outside of the free tier and get a massive bill. And so on.

Well now, the user only spends their credits. And when the credits are used up, the account closes. The user loses their free plan, but they don’t lose the shirt off their back. Nor do they have to go to AWS cap in hand.

This also addresses another common concern: “I forgot my account was open, and now it’s been hacked!” Not anymore – accounts will close automatically after six months. This feature also helps limit financial damage from DDoS attacks, exposed credentials and similar risks.

Sounds great, right?

…But Isn’t Infallible

There are circumstances where having account closure linked to a credit balance is less desirable:

  • A user builds something that explodes in popularity.
  • Online attackers deliberately target an account.
  • A user misconfigures a resource.

These circumstances, and others, will quickly eat through the credits and trigger the account’s closure. What would happen in this situation is currently unclear – would AWS hit the brakes immediately? Is there a grace period of any sort? Either way, observability and monitoring are vital – the budget alert is a great start, and CloudWatch is included in the Free Plan.

Potential Credits Confusion

Finally, I feel that there may be potential confusion between the free plan credits that expire in twelve months and the free plan that expires in six months. My interpretation is that free users upgrading to a paid plan after six months will be able to continue using any remaining credits for the following six months.

I feel that some new users will see their account expiry coming up while their credits have over six months remaining, assume the account expiry is wrong and then be surprised when their account shuts. It sounds like AWS will make this as obvious as possible to account owners. I guess we’ll find out on Reddit in six months…

Experienced User Considerations

This section discusses the AWS free tier changes for users with prior AWS experience.

Free Tier Policing

I’ve already seen this ruffle some Internet feathers.

Traditionally, AWS were fairly flexible with new accounts. While officially only one email address can be associated with an account, AWS kinda ignored plus addressing. This allowed users to have multiple free tier accounts, and to start a new account when the free tier on their existing one expired.

Well not any more! AWS make it very clear in their FAQs:

“You would be ineligible for free plan or Free Tier credits if you have an existing AWS account, or had one in the past. The free plan and Free Tier credits are available only to new AWS customers.”

https://aws.amazon.com/free/free-tier-faqs/

Now, if a user has an existing account and tries to make a new one, even with plus addressing, they will see this message at the end of the process:

2025 07 15 AWSConsoleNotEligable

No doubt there are parts of the Internet that will find ways around this. I haven’t pursued it personally as I was only interested in checking the restrictions of certain services. AWS themselves don’t have this problem of course, and have their own blog post about the Free Tier update with various screenshots and explanations.

Speaking of restrictions…

Unusual Service (In)Eligibility Choices

This section is based on the original Excel sheet given by AWS in July 2025 and may be subject to change – Ed

As mentioned earlier, AWS now limit the available services on their Free plan:

Free account plans don’t have access to certain AWS services that would rapidly consume the entire AWS Free Tier credit amount, or hardware purchases.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/free-tier.html

That said, there are some unusual choices here regarding services that are and aren’t eligible for the free plan.

Firstly, Glue is enabled, but Athena isn’t. So new users can create Glue resources, but can’t interact with them using Athena. I’m confused by this – for Athena to be costly, it usually requires querying data in the TB range that a new AWS account simply wouldn’t contain. Nor does it need specialised hardware. AWS even credits Athena with “Simple and predictable pricing” on its feature page, so why the Free Plan exclusion?

Also confusingly, CodeBuild and CodePipeline are eligible, but CodeDeploy isn’t. Can’t say I understand the logic behind this either!

Other exclusions make more sense. S3 is eligible, but Glacier services aren’t. Fair enough – Glacier is for long-lived storage, while free plans have six-month limits. Presumably, S3 Intelligent Tiering also excludes Glacier on the Free Plan.

Elsewhere, EC2 is eligible but I’ve not been able to check how limited the offering is. Trawling Reddit suggests only the t3.micro instance is available, but if this isn’t the case then many instance types exist that could rapidly burn through $200.

ec2 free limits

AWS CloudHSM is also eligible, with average costs around $1.50 per instance per hour. This totals about $36 per day or $100 over three days, somewhat contradicting AWS’s reasoning for the limitations. And while users could be frugal with using it, these are new users who are likely to be using AWS for the first time.

There’s a list of Free Plan eligible services, but it’s not easy to browse.

Immediate Credit Expiry

Finally, new users should be aware that certain actions immediately forfeit free tier credits. Most notably:

When your account joins AWS Organizations or sets up an AWS Control Tower landing zone, your AWS Free Tier credits expire immediately and your account will not be eligible to earn more AWS Free Tier credits.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/free-tier-FAQ.html

Now, these are hardly services that a new user would need. However, an organisation or educational body would want to bear this in mind if they were encouraging staff or students to try AWS out. The free accounts must remain under the ownership of individual users. Any attempt to bring them into an existing AWS Organisation will kill their free tier!

Separately, this simplifies things for those of us already using Organisations or Control Tower – accounts created using these services will immediately be on the paid plan with no usage restrictions.

Summary

This blog post focused on the recent changes to AWS’s Free Tier, which allows new users to select either a Paid Plan or a Free Plan. It highlighted the main modifications made, specified which services were included or excluded, and considered the impact of these changes on both novice and seasoned users.

Overall, I see this as a positive change. The AWS Free Tier offering has been divisive for some time, and these changes go a long way towards softening many of its rough edges. While not everyone will get what they want, these changes greatly help to address the concerns and challenges faced by newbies in the past.

New users of AWS in 2025 should consider the same advice as in years prior:

  • Security first, always.
  • Check the cost of services before spinning them up.
  • Turn unused services off.
  • And finally, don’t forget to set that budget alarm!

New users can sign up for an AWS Free Plan at aws.amazon.com/free.

2025 07 15 AWSFreeTierStart

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Training & Community

Speak Effectively At Conferences By Sheen Brisals

In this post, I review the 2025-04 early release of Sheen Brisals’ self-published 2025 book Speak Effectively At Conferences.

Table of Contents

Introduction

This year I’ve hit double digits in my speaker profile (I know, right – how did that happen?! – Ed). And, as with my tech career, I’m always looking for ways to improve my public speaking skills.

The internet is full of advice and suggestions, but I often wonder if they’re valid and trustworthy. I also ask questions of myself. Have I picked up bad habits? Am I practising my own advice?

So when I found out about Speak Effectively At Conferences it seemed like a good investment. After reading it, I want to reflect on my expectations and the insights gained from the book. Before I dive in, let’s take a moment to learn about the author.

The Author

Sheen Brisals is an experienced engineering leader with a career beginning in the early 1990s, including roles at Oracle, Lego and, most recently, Sky. He is an international speaker, an O’Reilly author and an AWS Serverless Hero.

The Book

From the Speak Effectively At Conferences blurb:

Speak Effectively At Conferences…goal is to make everything about speaking at conferences known to you. It aims to familiarize you with the entire process, grow your comfort level, raise your confidence, and transform you into an effective speaker!

Speak Effectively At Conferences is published on Leanpub, a self-publishing platform where authors can release their work in stages and get feedback. It is currently available at a suggested price of $20, with discounts for students and low-income readers.

As of June 2025, Speak Effectively At Conferences is an early-release eBook. I am reviewing version 10 of the book, which was published on 11 April 2025. The book is still undergoing editing and review, and the content will be updated as this process continues. The final release will also include page numbers and an ePub version.

Motivations

This section examines my motivations for buying and reading Speak Effectively At Conferences.

Boost My Knowledge & Skills

So far, I’ve been very fortunate to have access to some great speaking-focused resources, such as:

Speak Effectively At Conferences offered an opportunity to validate skills and learn from an expert. Sheen is renowned for his speaking expertise, and his book provided a great chance to explore his knowledge and insights.

Build My Confidence

Speaking of knowledge and skills, anyone reviewing my speaker profile, community involvement and career history might conclude that I am reasonably confident in using and applying them.

The reality is quite different. While I can claim to be more confident now than I was when I started this mad journey, there’s still much to work on as part of a pursuit that’s essentially endless.

As I connect with more speakers at various events, I’ve noticed that managing confidence and anxiety is a factor at all experience levels. Speakers often enjoy sharing tips with one another, so I was eager to discover what suggestions Speak Effectively At Conferences could provide. Ultimately, it could at least confirm whether others share my current habits and strategies.

Define A Roadmap

Currently, I find myself in an unexpected position as a speaker. On one hand, I can’t really call myself a new speaker anymore as my speaker events list is now in double digits. On the other hand, I don’t feel that I have enough experience to call myself an experienced speaker.

I’m seeking resources to help me advance to the next level (whatever that is). But I find myself struggling to identify what that looks like and entails. What should I measure and develop? What separates my counterproductive habits from my unique selling points?

Ultimately, I don’t know what I don’t know. Well, Sheen does! My hope with Speak Effectively At Conferences was that it would share some of his decades of experience and expertise, and might guide me towards answering some of these questions.

Book Review

In this section, I’ll summarise the various parts of Speak Effectively At Conferences and examine what stood out in each.

Part 1: Your Knowledge

Part 1 of Speak Effectively At Conferences begins before any words are spoken or slide decks are produced. It explores the historical significance of public speaking and its role in supporting basic human instincts like public gathering and group learning. Sheen examines how public speaking fosters knowledge, skills and trust for both the audience and the speaker. Additionally, the section addresses common mental barriers that new speakers may encounter.

Having built up the case for speaking, Sheen examines how to build credibility as a speaker. He explores several approaches to this, offering support and guidance on getting started. Not everyone enjoys writing or can film content, so this broad overview is a valuable addition.

Part 2: The Stage

Part 2 of Speak Effectively At Conferences focuses on the various aspects of the conference ecosystem. Sheen’s expertise is immediately apparent as he divides conferences into four (Four! – Ed) distinct groupings and examines the differences between them. These groupings all make sense – I’d just never thought about conferences in those terms before!

Sheen also explores various speaking venues, both common and uncommon. I can already tick a few off my list, including a warehouse and a cinema. However, I think I’m still a way off speaking in a ballroom!

Part 2 also examines the facilities and technology available to speakers, ranging from audio and visual equipment to private and backstage facilities. These tools vary depending on the venue – for example, don’t expect a teleprompter at a user group event. However, the right tech can make or break a session – something I can personally attest to, having been an attendee, speaker and stage manager (kinda – Ed)! I now have a persistent mistrust of HDMI cables.

Finally, Sheen comments on some of the perks of public speaking. I can imagine he gets asked about this a lot! Some of his experiences match mine – I’ve been invited to two speaker meals so far, although my nerves got the better of me for the first one! This section emphasises the themes of humility and modesty from Part 1 while considering these perks. Ultimately, public speaking isn’t about you; it’s about your audience.

Part 3: Content is King; Context is Queen

Part 3 of Speak Effectively At Conferences focuses on the lifecycle of a session, from creation to rehearsal. It begins with idea generation, curation and development. I use my Second Brain for this, and it appears that Sheen does something similar!

Then there’s a whole chapter dedicated to submitting talks, which is probably the star of the entire book for me. The Call For Paper (CFP) process has a fair amount of mystery attached to it, and rightfully so as the process should be as fair as possible. Sheen has been on both sides of the CFP process – both as applicant and reviewer – and the chapter fully reflects his wealth of experience.

Sheen also discusses how to handle CFP rejections, so don’t approach this chapter expecting hacks or a checklist for success! This is a common experience for most speakers – indeed, my Data Pipelines and Step On It sessions currently have rejection rates of 30% and 40%, respectively. So this is a thoughtful addition.

Part 3 then focuses on designing the talk itself. Sheen discusses essential elements such as the structure, flow and composition of a presentation. He then moves on to exploring slide design choices, offering creative tips and addressing common pitfalls. Part 3 ends by examining the rehearsal process. I personally have strong opinions about rehearsals that are built around another mantra of mine:

“The audience is making time for you, so make time for them.”

So seeing Sheen’s approach is very welcome. It seems we both rehearse in hotels!

20241002 HotelSmall

It was hard to summarise this part of Speak Effectively At Conferences – there’s loads of great advice that I don’t want to spoil or misrepresent! I already see this part as the one I’ll return to most often. Most of my bookmarks led to pages here, and the advice is credible, informative and relatable.

Part 4: The Delivery

Part 4 of Speak Effectively At Conferences focuses on the act of delivering sessions. It begins by focusing on physical stance, breathing, and vocalisation, followed by exercises for mentality and concentration.

Sheen then turns his attention to preparation. This is an area with many facets, ranging from the technical and personal to the administrative. Drawing on his own experiences, Sheen offers guidance that helps readers identify what is most relevant to their current needs.

Finally, Sheen emphasises the importance of delivering a compelling session by sharing strategies for engaging the audience and improving stage presence. He offers tips for audience interaction, including how to set expectations, a framework for addressing audience questions and, equally importantly, managing off-stage interactions with the audience. This aspect often discourages many individuals from speaking, so it is reassuring to see it included.

Part 5: Life As A Speaker

Part 5 of Speak Effectively At Conferences discusses what happens after the screens go dark and the audience departs. Sheen explores themes of reflection and introspection, focusing on recognising both strengths and areas for improvement. This section also discusses feedback, highlighting what speakers can offer to the organisers and what they can receive from attendees. Learning how to give and receive feedback is an important skill, and it is an area that I need to develop.

To close, Sheen explains how he organises and shares his content. This is essential for both current projects and past materials. A well-structured and reliable warm storage system is easy to navigate, simple to access and share and effective for version control. Additionally, a legacy storage system serves as a valuable and robust knowledge repository, is easy to back up and provides guidance for the development of future content.

Thoughts

In this section, I share my thoughts on the book and how it aligns with my motivations for reading it. As the book is currently subject to change, I may revisit some of these sections in the future as needed.

Structure & Scope

The structure of Speak Effectively At Conferences is logical and well thought out, covering the entire lifecycle of a session from initial development to final retrospective. I found certain chapters particularly interesting, and they were easy to find and complemented the surrounding content. I’ve placed several bookmarks throughout the book that I’m already revisiting now, and will continue to refer to in the coming months and years.

I feel like the book’s title doesn’t do it justice. Speak Effectively At Conferences almost sells the book short, as its advice goes far beyond the conference circuit. People might see this book’s title and think it doesn’t apply to them, but Sheen’s insights are equally valid at meetups, internal presentations and many other social settings. That’s not to say every speaker will benefit from every chapter – some may not aspire to present at re:Invent; others may be content with their idea curation. However, the book’s layout and tone make it easy to find and extract the advice that fits a speaker’s specific needs.

Style & Personality

Sheen’s writing style closely reflects his personality. The book is written in a conversational and approachable manner. Many chapters incorporate Sheen’s real-world experiences, not all of which are positive. This blend of honest and credible advice, alongside an inviting tone, brought many key insights to life for me.

In fact, I found myself mentally reading several sections in his voice. If you’re reading this, Sheen, an audiobook version might be a great idea!

Takeaways & Reflections

Learning about Sheen’s speaking journey has given me valuable perspective and guidance for my own speaking goals. I found myself nodding in agreement in some parts and recognising improvement areas in others.

My main goals as a speaker have always been to improve my communication skills and build my confidence. Speak Effectively At Conferences reaffirms that speaking, like any skill, requires time, practice and a willingness to fail. Sheen’s humility and openness are evident throughout, and his willingness to share his less polished moments with his proud ones makes the book all the more impactful.

Summary

In this post, I reviewed the 2025-04 early release of Sheen Brisals’ self-published 2025 book Speak Effectively At Conferences.

Speak Effectively at Conferences is a valuable resource that offers practical advice for speakers at all levels. Sheen draws on decades of experience to provide practical guidance, whether creating a first presentation or practising a keynote speech. I plan to refer back to it often and am very pleased with my purchase.

Sheen is currently actively working on the book. The final version will be available on Amazon and other booksellers. Follow Sheen’s LinkedIn for the latest developments.

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Training & Community

Three Mantras For The Anxious New Speaker

In this post, I share three mantras for the anxious new speaker and some helpful resources for session development that I’ve used this year.

Table of Contents

Introduction

This year has been a whirlwind! After presenting my first in-person session at AWS Community Summit London in April, I’ve since spoken at user groups, a paid event and even internationally!

This hasn’t come easy for someone as naturally anxious as me. I work procedurally in many areas, which doesn’t lend itself fully to organic and spontaneous pursuits like public speaking.

I use mantras during exercise when I need quick guidance that’s easy to recall, and after London I realised that a similar approach while speaking would calm my nerves and refocus my attention. These mantras have since become invaluable, so now I’ll present them here.

Firstly, I’ll share three mantras that have guided me through developing, presenting, and evaluating my sessions. Following this, I’ll add some helpful resources for session creation, slide deck development and delivery mindset.

Mantras

This section contains three mantras for the anxious new speaker that I’ve used this year.

No One Wants You To Fail

I begin with some imposter syndrome goodness. Public speaking offers rich ammunition for imposter syndrome sufferers, like:

  • “The audience will be full of experts and I don’t belong in front of them.”
  • “No one will enjoy my session or find it useful.”
  • “No one will take me seriously.”

But the reality is very different. Audiences want speakers to succeed because it creates a more enjoyable and informative event, fostering better knowledge sharing and a positive atmosphere.

And it’s not like the session’s content is a secret! Consider delivering a session to a user group. The session’s abstract has likely been seen by a user group leader and several audience members before the doors even open. People know what they are getting into and are choosing to be there!

Audiences want to enjoy and benefit from the session, and they’re often patient, understanding, and forgiving when things don’t go perfectly. They’re not there to criticise or judge – they’re hoping the speaker succeeds and provides value.

AWSUGLeeds

People Are Watching The Slides, Not You

Flashback to April 2024 – my first in-person session at AWS Summit London. I was presenting midway through the day, and my anxiety brain entered high gear while waiting:

  • How should I stand?
  • What should I do with my hands?
  • How often should I look at the audience?
  • OMGOMGOMG

Anxiety brain then fixated on the various keynotes and TED Talks I’ve seen instead of focusing on my session. Great.

Then I had an idea. I started watching the audience. Some people were checking their lanyards and swag bags. Others were glancing at the passing crowds or grabbing a coffee from the nearby Serverlesspresso stand. But most were fully focused on the slides.

No one was fixated on the speaker.

Next, I watched the speaker. They looked up and down, occasionally gesturing. Nothing about their delivery felt like a finely choreographed routine.

In those moments, I realised that I was holding myself to impossibly high standards for my first in-person session. This wasn’t reality TV or theatre. This was a group of enthusiasts with common interests seeking knowledge. The audience wasn’t here to watch me. They were here to watch the slides.

That shift in perspective helped me so much. Without that mantra in April, there’s no way I would have been capable of doing Comsum (a filmed session in front of a paying audience) in September:

Every Minute Is A Victory

I said I use mantras during exercise earlier, and this one is pretty much a straight rip from those. Being a speaker (especially an anxious new speaker!) demands time and energy for tasks like:

  • Developing an abstract, submitting it to a user group or call for papers and awaiting the outcome.
  • Curating and preparing a session, updating and refining a slide deck and practising delivery.
  • Making sure you’re in the right place, at the right time with the right materials. And waiting for the day to arrive!
  • Delivering the session, maintaining flow and addressing audience questions.
  • Evaluating the session, tweaking the content and reflecting personally on the experience.

It would be easy to look at all this, nope out and spend your time elsewhere. So every minute spent on a session, from inception to post-delivery, is a victory.

AWSUGLiverpool

Resources

This section contains some helpful resources for session development.

New Stars Of Data Library

New Stars of Data is an event dedicated to mentoring and promoting new speakers in the Microsoft community. It is run by Ben Weissman and William Durkin, and is supported by a team of experienced speakers. I participated in NSOD6 in 2023.

New Stars Of Data has a Speaker Improvement Library supported by the Microsoft Azure Data Community. This library was invaluable during my New Stars of Data journey, and I still refer to it regularly for guidance and inspiration.

Here are some of my personal favourites from the library:

Cult Of Done

Next, let’s discuss Bre Pettis and Kio Stark’s Cult of Done Manifesto. I have previously written about the Cult Of Done, and actively use it for creative and professional tasks. The following CoD principles relate well to the anxious new speaker:

“Accept that everything is a draft. It helps to get it done.”

Cult of Done Manifesto Principle 2

In my experience, a session is never truly finished. Slide optimisations and delivery improvements often become evident during the presentation. Audience questions and comments may prompt revisions. And as technology and the cloud evolve, the session itself may need to change.

Currently, I’ve presented Building And Automating Serverless Auto-Scaling Data Pipelines In AWS five times this year. No two sessions have ever been the same. Each time has essentially been a draft!

“Pretending you know what you’re doing is almost the same as knowing what you are doing, so just accept that you know what you’re doing even if you don’t and do it.”

Cult of Done Manifesto Principle 4

This is already pretty descriptive – an eloquent version of “fake it till you make it”. To paraphrase Tris Oaten, you’re watching me learn how to construct a session in real-time. You’re watching me learn to present in real-time, and how to submit abstracts, build confidence and answer audience questions in real-time.

This is a continual journey that even seasoned presenters are on. There is no shame in such a journey, so embrace it.

“Done is the engine of more.”

Cult of Done Manifesto Principle 13

Every finished session offers something in exchange. This ranges from improved confidence and skills to increased momentum and drive. And the more abstracts written, the more sessions submitted and the more presentations delivered, the more you build a foundation for better talks, deeper insights, and greater confidence in your abilities.

Note that ‘more’ doesn’t necessarily mean ‘more sessions’ here. ‘More’ can mean:

  • Personal growth
  • Networking with fellow enthusiasts and community members.
  • Development opportunities (you never know who’s in the audience!)

I’ll end it here, but many other principles apply. Be sure to check out the full manifesto and Tris’ No Boilerplate video for more insights:

Summary

In this post, I shared three mantras for the anxious new speaker and some helpful resources for session development that I’ve used this year.

Public speaking comes more easily to some than others. I never expected to find myself in this position, and I’m not sure I would have believed anyone who told me this is how 2024 would unfold! Mantras are powerful tools for calming nerves and building confidence, and if these don’t resonate with you then there are plenty of others to explore.

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